Research Study of the Methodology of Kitab Ul Ayn by Imam Khalil Ibn Ahmad Al Farahidi
Abstract
Kitab ul Ayn is the first Arabic language dictionary and one of the earliest known dictionaries of any language. It was compiled in the eighth century by Khalil ibn Ahmad al Farahidi. The letter ayn of the dictionary's title is regarded as phonetically the deepest letter in the Arabic alphabet and the first letter of the book therefore the book is title with Ayn. Al-Farahidi, who was from the Basra School, chose an unusual arrangement that does not follow the alphabetical order familiar today as the standard dictionary format. Al-Farahidi devised a phonetic system that followed the pattern of pronunciation of the Arabic alphabet. According to this system the order begins with the deepest letter in the throat, the letter (ayin), and ends with the last letter pronounced by the lips, that being (mim). Al-Farahidi introduces the dictionary with an outline of the phonetics of Arabic.[9] The format he adopted for the dictionary consisted of twenty-six books, a book for every letter, with weak letters combined as a single book; the number of chapters of each book accords with the number of radicals, with the weak radicals being listed last.References
قوامیس قاموس کی جمع ہے، والقاموس علم على كل معجم ،ولقب كتاب "الفيروزآبادي"في اللغة.[المعجم الوسيط ومعجم الرائد 2/234]
دكتور عبدالحميد الهنداوي ، تقدیم کتاب العین، بیروت لبنان، دارالکتب العلمية، 1/3
Dr. Abdul Hameed Hidawi, Taqdem ul Ayn, Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kutub Al Ilmia, 1/3
دکتور امیل یعقوب،المعاجم اللغوية العربية، بیروت لبنان دارالعلم للملائین،45
Dr. Emil Yaqub, Al Maajim ul Lughviay al Arabia, Berut, Lebnan, Dar Ul Ilm Lilmalaen, 45
دكتور عبدالحميد الهنداوي ، تقدیم کتاب العین، بیروت لبنان، دارالکتب العلمية، 1/8
Dr. Abdul Hameed Hidawi, Taqdem ul Ayn, Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kutub Al Ilmia, 1/8
الذهبی،محمد بن أحمد بن عثمان، تاریخ الإسلام ووفیات ا لمشاهيرو الأعلام، بیروت لبنان ، دارالکتاب العربی،10/172
Al Dahabi, Muhammad bn Ahmad bn Usman, Tarikh Ul Islam wa Wafyat ul Masahhir wal Aalam,Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kitab Alarbi, 10/172
دكتور عبدالحميد الهنداوي ، تقدیم کتاب العین، بیروت لبنان، دارالکتب العلمية، 1/8
Dr. Abdul Hameed Hidawi, Taqdem ul Ayn, Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kutub Al Ilmia, 1/8
الذهبی،محمد بن أحمد بن عثمان، تاریخ الإسلام ووفیات ا لمشاهيرو الأعلام، بیروت لبنان ، دارالکتاب العربی،10/172
Al Dahabi, Muhammad bn Ahmad bn Usman, Tarikh Ul Islam wa Wafyat ul Masahhir wal Aalam,Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kitab Alarbi, 10/172
دكتور عبدالحميد الهنداوي، تقدیم کتاب العین، بیروت لبنان، دارالکتب العلمية،1/10
Dr. Abdul Hameed Hidawi, Taqdem ul Ayn, Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kutub Al Ilmia, 1/10
نفس المصدر
Ibid
نفس المصدر
Ibid
الذهبی،محمد بن أحمد بن عثمان، تاریخ الإسلام ووفیات ا لمشاهيرو الأعلام، بیروت لبنان ، دارالکتاب العربی،10/179
Al Dahabi, Muhammad bn Ahmad bn Usman, Tarikh Ul Islam wa Wafyat ul Masahhir wal Aalam,Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kitab Alarbi, 10/179
نفس المصدر،1/171
Ibid
نفس المصدر،1/173
Ibid
نفس المصدر،46
Ibid,46
دكتور عبدالحميد الهنداوي، تقدیم کتاب العین، بیروت لبنان، دارالکتب العلمية،1/3
Dr. Abdul Hameed Hidawi, Taqdem ul Ayn, Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kutub Al Ilmia, 1/3
دكتور عبدالحمید محمد ابو مسکین،، المعاجم العربية مدارسها ومناهجها، 27
Dr. Abdul Hameed Muhammad Abu Miskeen, Al Maajim ul Arabia Madarisuha Wa Manahijuha, 27
تقدیم العین والمعاجم العربية،28
نفس المصدر
کتاب العین بتحقیق الدکتور المخزومي والدکتورالسامرائی،1/143،142
Kitab ul Ayn, Research of Dr. Makhzomi and Dr. Samiray, 1/142,143
السيوطى، الاتقان فی علوم القرآن ، لاہور :سہيل اکیڈمی ،1/134
Al Suti, Al-Itqan fi Uloom al Quran, Lahor: Suhail Academy, 1/134
مقدمة الدکتور مهدي المخزومي والدکتورإبراهيم السامرائي علی کتاب العین،1/19
ابن الفارس ، معجم مقائیس اللغة،1/3
Ibn ul Faris, Mujamu Maqaeesel Lugha, 1/3
تقدیم العین للدکتور عبد الحمید الهنداوي،1/23
Dr. Abdul Hameed Hidawi, Taqdem ul Ayn, Berut, Lebnan, Dar ul Kutub Al Ilmia, 1/23
دكتور عبدالحمید محمد ابو مسکین،، المعاجم العربية مدارسها ومناهجها،42
Dr. Abdul Hameed Muhammad Abu Miskeen, Al Maajim ul Arabia Madarisuha Wa Manahijuha, 42
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