Comparison of Current Trends in Early Childhood Education in Public and Private Sector Schools of Azad Jammu & Kashmir

Authors

  • Nadia Nazir Lecturer, Department of Education, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, AJK, Pakistan
  • Dr. Mahek Arshad Controller of Examination, Bilquis postgraduate college for Women, PAF Nur Khan, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
  • Zafar Iqbal Yousuf Zai PhD Scholar, Department of Education, Alhamd Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21015/vtess.v10i2.1025

Abstract

The importance of early childhood education is undeniable as it is the foundation stone for all the upcoming levels of education. Various trends of early childhood education (hereafter ECE) have emerged in new era. The relevant data were collected from primary school teachers of both public and private sector schools of district Sudhnuti in AJ & K were taken as population. The Self-constructed questionnaire was comprised of 32 items used for data collection. In this questionnaire, the implementation of current trends of ECE was observed across public and private sector schools of AJ&K. The t-test was applied to make a comparison of the implementation of the current trend.. A stratified random sampling technique was used to collect data from 291 public sector school primary teachers. After analyzing the results, it was found that there was a significant difference in both public and private sector schools regarding current trends of ECE. The findings of the study show all over comparison mean of trends in ECE in public sector schools. The findings revealed that the private sector school teachers implement more current ECE trends in their classrooms than the public sector school teachers. The private sector school teachers have a more encouraging environment as compared to the public sector school teachers. Public and private sector schools may offer good quality ECE programs for the ECE teachers. Keeping the results of the study in mind it can safely be said that all stakeholders must take more initiatives to improve the standards of early childhood education. Educational institutions can conduct workshops for the pre-service and in-service ECE teachers. Government should allocate more funds to provide more facilities to ECE teachers so that they may achieve the high standards in ECE. .

References

Ahmad, N. R., Anjum, S., & Rehman, S. (2013). Early childhood education in Pakistan: Issues and challenges. International Journal of Science and Research, 4, 413-15.

Almani, A. S., Soomro, B., & Abro, A. D. (2012). Evaluative study of private schools of Pakistan: A survey of Sindh. Indus Journal of Management & Social Sciences, 6(2), 91-98.

Andrabi, T., Das, J., & Khwaja, A. (2002). The Rise of Private Schooling in Pakistan: Catering to the urban elite or educating the rural poor? World Bank and Harvard University.

Awan, A. G., & Zia, A. (2015). Comparative Analysis of Public and Private Educational Institutions: A case study of District Vehari-Pakistan. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(16), 122-130

Bae, S. H., & Jeon, S. B. (2013). Research on afterschool programs in Korea: Trends and outcomes. IJREE–International Journal for Research on Extended Education, 1(1).

Bertram, T., & Pascal, C. (2016). Early childhood policies and systems in eight countries: Findings from IEA's early childhood education study (p. 194). Springer Nature. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39847-1

Dahlberg, G., Moss, P., & Pence, A. (2007). Beyond quality in early childhood education and care: Languages of evaluation. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203966150

Das, J., Pandey, P., & Zajonc, T. (2006). Learning levels and gaps in Pakistan (Vol. 4067). World Bank Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4067

Davis, B., & Dunn, R. (2019). Professional identity in the infant room. Australasian Journal of early childhood, 44(3), 244- 256.

Dehghan, M., Akhtar-Danesh, N., & Merchant, A. T. (2005). Childhood obesity, prevalence and prevention. Nutrition journal, 4(1), 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-4-24

Downer, J. T., Pianta, R. C., Fan, X., Hamre, B. K., Mashburn, A., & Justice, L. (2011). Effects of web-mediated teacher

professional development on the language and literacy skills of children enrolled in prekindergarten programs. NHSA dialog, 14(4), 189-212. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15240754.2011.613129

Giardiello, P. (2013). Pioneers in early childhood education: The roots and legacies of Rachel and Margaret McMillan, Maria Montessori and Susan Isaacs. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203084304

Gottfredson, D. C., Cook, T. D., Gardner, F. E., Gorman-Smith, D., Howe, G. W., Sandler, I. N., & Zafft, K. M. (2015). Standards of evidence for efficacy, effectiveness, and scale-up research in prevention science: Next generation. Prevention science, 16(7), 893-926. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-015-0555-x

Holliman, A. (Ed.). (2014). The Routledge international companion to educational psychology. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203809402

Khatti, M., Munshi, P., & Mirza, N. (2010). Potential of private schools in providing quality education in district Badin. The Sindh University Journal of Education-SUJE, 40.

Lascarides, V. C., & Hinitz, B. F. (2013). History of Early Childhood Education (Vol. 982). Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203814215

Matza, L. S., Swensen, A. R., Flood, E. M., Secnik, K., & Leidy, N. K. (2004). Assessment of health-related quality of life in children: a review of conceptual, methodological, and regulatory issues. Value in health, 7(1), 79-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2004.71273.x

Niazi, H. K., & Mace, J. (2006). The contribution of the private sector to higher education in Pakistan with particular reference to efficiency and equity. Bulletin of Education & Research, 28(2), 17-42.

Saracho, O., & Spodek, B. (2003). Recent trends and innovations in the early childhood education curriculum. Early Child Development and Care, 173(2-3), 175-183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430303095

Shabbir, M., Wei, S., Fu, Y. G., & Xie, Q. (2014). A Comparative study of public and private primary schools, with perspective of practice of effective teaching activities and outcomes. International Journal of Advanced Research, 2(6), 501-509.

Shepard, L. A., Taylor, G. A., & Kagan, S. L. (1996). Trends in Early Childhood Assessment

Policies and Practices. Center for Research on Evaluation: Washington, DC.

Siraj-Blatchford, I. (2009). Conceptualising progression in the pedagogy of play and sustained shared thinking in early childhood education: A Vygotskian perspective. Education and Child Psychology, 26 (2), 77-89

Strayer, J. (2007). The effects of the classroom flip on the learning environment: A comparison of learning activity in a traditional classroom and a flip classroom that used an intelligent tutoring system (Doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University)

Streeck, W. (1989). Skills and the limits of neo-liberalism: the enterprise of the future as a place of learning. Work, employment and society, 3(1), 89-104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017089003001006

Weist, M. D., Acosta, O. M., & Youngstrom, E. A. (2001). Predictors of violence exposure among inner-city youth. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30(2), 187-198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/S15374424JCCP3002_6

Yang, Z., Yang, D., Dyer, C., He, X., Smola, A., & Hovy, E. (2016, June). Hierarchical attention networks for document classification. In Proceedings of the 2016 conference of the North American chapter of the association for computational linguistics: human language technologies (pp. 1480-1489). DOI: https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/N16-1174

Downloads

Published

2022-05-10

How to Cite

Nazir, N., Arshad, D. M., & Yousuf Zai, Z. I. (2022). Comparison of Current Trends in Early Childhood Education in Public and Private Sector Schools of Azad Jammu & Kashmir. VFAST Transactions on Education and Social Sciences, 10(2), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.21015/vtess.v10i2.1025

Issue

Section

Articles