A Feminist Stylistic Analysis of The Domestic Crusaders by Wajahat Ali

Authors

  • Saima Perveen Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan
  • Amber Hafeez Head of English Department, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Shaista Ghazanfer Lecturer, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21015/vtess.v9i1.994

Abstract

There is a general perception that a male member of the society projects only male perception of life and generally ignores female perception of life. As a result, women are discriminated and subordinated to men which is projected in the literature as it reflects the true picture of society. In the present study, the researcher has tried to find out the stylistic features that represent the gender discrimination in the play of Wajahat Ali. The present research has been conducted to decode the text of The Domestic Crusader stylistically by applying 'Sara Mills' model of Feminist Stylistics.  The data have been analyzed at the level of words, sentences and discourse. This research has been conducted by qualitative approach. The present research concludes that the writer has used negative words and sentences to represent women and men and used body parts to describe a woman while man is described overall either positive or negative. Furthermore, the writer has used generic noun, woman as marked form, naming and androcentrism, semantic derogation of women at the level of words, readymade phrases, metaphors, jokes and humor and presupposition and inferences at the level of sentences while fragmentation has used at the level of discourse. Moreover, the writer has portrayed male character opposite to female characters for instance when female has defined as sex object, weak and helpless, the writer has used male as pleasure seeker, terrorist and extremist.

References

Ahmed, L. (1992). Women and gender in Islam: Historical roots of a modern debate. U.K: Yale University Press.

Al-Almro, K. A. H., Azmi, M. N. L. & Alshwayyat, A. M. A. (2019). Wajahat Ali: Employing Irony and Comedy in His Play "The Domestic Crusaders" to Decrease the Tension between Contradictory Cultures in America. International Journal of Science and Research, 10(2), 2319-7064.

Ali, W. (2011). The Domestic Crusaders. San Francisco: McSweeney.

Altekar, A. S. (1956). The position of women in Hindu civilization, from prehistoric times to the present day. Dehli: Motilal Banarsidass Publication.

Bahrani, Z. (2001). Women of Babylon: gender and representation in Mesopotamia. UK: Psychology Press.

Blundell, S., & Blundell, S. (1995). Women in ancient Greece. USA: Harvard University Press.

Elweza, R. F. M. (2016). The Reaction to Violence in The Black Eyed by Betty Shamieh, The Domestic Crusaders by Wajahat Ali and Back of the Throat by Yussef El Guindi (Doctoral dissertation). Egypt: Ain Shams University.

Escobar, A. (1995). Encountering development: The making and unmaking of the third world.Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Fairclough, N. (1989) Language and Power. Harlow: Longman.

Fitzpatrick, C., & Walker, A. H. (Eds.). (2014). Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God [2 volumes]. England: ABC-CLIO.

Malachowski, A. R. (Ed.). (2001). Business ethics: Critical perspectives on business and management (Vol. 2). Washington DC: Taylor & Francis.

Martos, J., & Hégy, P. (Eds.). (1998). Equal at the creation: Sexism, society, and Christian thought. Canada: University of Toronto Press.

Mills, S. (1995). Feminist Stylistics. London: Routledge.

Radhi, G. F. (2018). Islamophobia: Media Vs. Drama, A Study in Wajahat Ali's" The Domestic Crusaders". Adab Al-Kufa, (35), 101

Rockler, N. R. (2006). “Be your own windkeeper”: Friends, feminism, and rhetorical strategies of depoliticization. Women's Studies in Communication, Colorado: Colorado State University. 29(2), 244-264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07491409.2006.10162500

Stanton, E. C., Anthony, S. B., & Gage, M. J. (1881). History of Women Suffrage (Vol. 2). New York: Charles Mann Printing Co.

Sun, G. Z. (2005). Readings in the Economics of the Division of Labor: The Classical Tradition (Vol. 2). Singapore: World Scientific. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/5728

Yulianto, W. E. (2018). Historicizing Muslim American Literature: Studies on Literature by African American and South Asian American Muslim Writers. Arkanas: UARK Press.

Downloads

Published

2021-03-31

How to Cite

Perveen, S., Hafeez, A., & Ghazanfer, S. (2021). A Feminist Stylistic Analysis of The Domestic Crusaders by Wajahat Ali. VFAST Transactions on Education and Social Sciences, 9(1), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.21015/vtess.v9i1.994